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1.
Psicol. Caribe ; 39(3): e32, sep.-dic. 2022. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431108

ABSTRACT

Resumen. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la validez factorial del modelo psicométrico del Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (CESQT) en una muestra multiocupacional de trabajadores colombianos. Se hipotetizó un modelo de cuatro factores con base en la estructura factorial del modelo original. Los participantes fueron 153 trabajadores que desempeñan diversos roles en empresas ubicadas en Colombia. Se aplicó el CESQT que se compone de cuatro dimensiones: Ilusión por el trabajo (5 ítems), Desgaste psíquico (4 ítems), Indolencia (6 ítems) y Culpa (5 ítems). Las propiedades psicométricas fueron examinadas mediante Análisis factorial confirmatorio (AFC) y fiabilidad (alfa de Cronbach). Los ítems presentaron valores estadísticos y psicométricos adecuados, así como las escalas. El modelo presentó un ajuste aceptable a los datos: GFI = .858, RMSEA = .066 (.051.079), NNFI = .913, CFI = .927. La consistencia interna fue alta para todas las escalas del instrumento (a = .79 hasta a = .87). Los resultados indican que el CESQT es un instrumento con suficiente validez psicométrica para evaluar el síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (SQT) en el contexto cultural colombiano.


Abstract The purpose of this paper was to assess the factor structure of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) in a multi-occupational sample of Colombian workers. On the basis of previous results and the factor structure of the instrument, a four-factor model was hypothesized. The sample consisted of 153 Colombian workers from different occupational sectors. The SBI was applied. This instrument is composed of 20 items distributed in four dimensions: Enthusiasm toward the job (5 items), Psychological exhaustion (4 items), Indolence (6 items), and Guilt (5 items). The psychometric properties were examined by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and the reliability was tested by Cronbach's alpha. The items presented adequate statistical and psychometric values, as well as the scales. The model presented an acceptable fit to the data: GFI = .858, RMSEA = .066(051-079), NNFI = .913, CFI = .927. Reliability was adequate for all scales (a = .79 to a = .87). The results indicate that the SBI is an instrument with psychometric validity to assess the burnout in the Colombian cultural context.

2.
Liberabit ; 22(1): 7-19, ene.-jun.2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-790688

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue evaluar los factores psicosociales en el trabajo del personal de justicia de la Comunidad Valencia (España) para identificar la prevalencia de riesgos psicosociales. Participaron 402 trabajadores (28.11 % hombres) incluyendo gestores, tramitadores y auxiliares sociales. Se evaluó con la Batería UNIPSICO (incluye factores de demanda, factores de recursos y consecuencias de los riesgos psicosociales). Los principales riesgos fueron la sobrecarga de trabajo (46.02 % de participantes en situación de alto riesgo) dentro de las demandas, la falta de recursos para realizar el trabajo (76.37 % en situación de alto riesgo) y la falta de autonomía (67.41 % en situación de alto riesgo). Para las consecuencias, el 61.44 % de participantes expresó insatisfacción laboral y un 27.11 % tuvo que consumir con frecuencia medicamentos en el último año por problemas de salud derivados del trabajo. Se concluye recomendando estrategias de intervención psicosocial para mejorar las condiciones de trabajo...


The objective of the study was to evaluate the psychosocial factors in the work of the justice personnel of Valencia (Spain) to identify the prevalence of psychosocial risks. The participants were 402 workers (28.11 % men) including managers, processors, and social assistants. We assessed using the UNIPSICO questionnaire (includes demand factors, resource factors, and consequences of psychosocial risks). The main risks were work overload (46.02 % of participants in a high risk situation) within the demands; the lack of resources to carry out the work (76.37 % in a high risk situation); and the lack of autonomy (67.41 % in a high risk situation). For the consequences, 61.44 % of participants expressed labor dissatisfaction, and 27.11 % had to frequently consume drugs in the last year because of health problems arising from work. We conclude by recommending psychosocial intervention strategies to improve working conditions...


Subject(s)
Humans , Burnout, Professional , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Burnout, Professional/therapy , Risk Factors , Psychology, Social
3.
Rev. Esc. Enferm. USP ; 49(5): 819-825, Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: lil-763315

ABSTRACT

AbstractOBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to develop the Italian version of the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) and to examine its psychometric properties within a sample of nursing staff.METHODThe study was cross-sectional and not randomized. The data were gathered using an anonymous, self-report questionnaire. The sample consisted of 391 staff nurses employed in three hospitals in the Northern Region of Italy To evaluate burnout, the SBI and the Maslach Burnout Inventory were administered.RESULTSAn Exploratory Factor Analysis showed a four-factor structure close to the expected one. All Cronbach's alpha values were satisfactory. Furthermore, correlations support the concurrent validity.CONCLUSIONOverall, the results of this study provided evidence that the SBI is an adequate instrument to study burnout in the Italian nursing sample and indicated the feeling of guilt as an important dimension to gauge the structure of this phenomenon.


ResumoOBJETIVOO objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver a versão italiana do SBI (Spanish Burnout Inventory) e analisar as suas propriedades psicométricas numa amostra de enfermeiros.MÉTODOO estudo foi de caráter transversal, e não randomizado. Os dados foram coletados através de um questionário autopreenchido de maneira anônima. A amostra foi composta por 391 enfermeiros funcionários de três hospitais de uma região do norte da Itália. Para avaliar o burnout, utilizou-se o Spanish Burnout Inventory e o Maslach Burnout Inventory.RESULTADOSOs resultados da Análise Fatorial Exploratória mostraram uma estrutura de quatro fatores, como era esperado. Todos os valores de alfa de Cronbach foram satisfatórios. Além disso, as correlações apoiar validade concorrente.CONCLUSÃONo geral, os resultados deste estudo forneceram evidências de que o SBI é um instrumento adequado para estudar o burnout numa amostra de enfermagem italiana e indicou que os sentimentos de culpa são uma dimensão importante para avaliar a estrutura do fenômeno.


ResumenOBJETIVODesarrollar la versión italiana del Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) y analizar sus propiedades psicométricas en una muestra de enfermeros.MÉTODOEstudio de carácter transversal y no randomizado. Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un cuestionario autorrellenado de manera anónima. La muestra estuvo compuesta de 391 enfermeros funcionarios de tres hospitales de una zona del norte de Italia. A fin de evaluar el burnout, se empleó el Spanish Burnout Inventory y el Maslach Burnout Inventory.RESULTADOSLos resultados del Análisis Factorial Exploratorio mostraron una estructura de cuatro factores, como era esperado. Todos los valores de alfa de Cronbach fueron satisfactorios. Además, las correlaciones apoyaron la validez concurrente.CONCLUSIÓNLos resultados de este estudio proporcionaron evidencias de que el SBI es un instrumento adecuado para estudiar el burnout en una muestra de enfermería italiana y señaló que los sentimientos de culpa son una dimensión importante para evaluar la estructura del fenómeno.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Burnout, Professional/diagnosis , Nursing Staff/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Cross-Sectional Studies , Language , Psychometrics
4.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 27(2): 291-299, 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-713623

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste estudo foi explorar a estrutura fatorial e a consistência interna da adaptação ao português do "Spanish Burnout Inventory" (SBI) numa amostra composta por 245 policiais de diversos esquadrões da região de Lisboa. Realizou-se uma análise fatorial exploratória (AFE), de onde foram extraídos 4 fatores com autovalor > 1, que reproduziram a distribuição dos itens da versão original: no primeiro fator ficaram agrupados os itens da subescala Entusiasmo pelo Trabalho, no segundo os itens da subescala Culpa, no terceiro os itens da subescala Indolência, sendo que os itens da subescala Desgaste Psíquico se distribuíram pelo quarto fator. Todas as subescalas do SBI alcançaram valores alfa de Cronbach superiores a 0,70. Os resultados sugerem que a versão portuguesa do SBI é um instrumento valido e fiável para avaliar a síndrome do burnout em policiais portugueses.


This study was designed to assess the factor structure and the internal consistency of the Portuguese adaptation of the "Spanish Burnout Inventory" (SBI) in a sample of 245 Portuguese police officers working in Lisbon. Using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), 4 factors were extracted with eigenvalue > 1, reproducing the original model: the first factor was constituted by the items of "enthusiasm toward the job", the second factor was constituted by the items of "guilt", the third factor was constituted by the items of "indolence", and the fourth factor was constituted by the items of "psychological exhaustion". Internal consistency values for all subscales showed values of Cronbach's alpha higher than .70. The results suggest that the Portuguese adaptation of the SBI is an adequate instrument to assess burnout in Portuguese police officers.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Factor Analysis, Statistical , Police , Psychometrics
5.
Saúde Soc ; 22(3): 727-735, jul.-set. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SES-SP | ID: lil-694146

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: el objetivo de este estudio consistió en analizar si existen diferencias en la gestión preventiva llevada a cabo en varias empresas que presentaron enfermedades profesionales en función del género de los trabajadores. MÉTODOS: se analizó una muestra de 302 trabajadores, siendo el 31,1 por cento mujeres, de empresas donde se había declarado enfermedad profesional en la provincia de Valencia (España). Los datos se recogieron mediante un cuestionario con 40 preguntas. RESULTADOS: los resultados indicaron que en estas empresas se realizaba una gestión preventiva en la que el plan de prevención y la participación de los trabajadores eran las actividades que con menor frecuencia se aplicaban, y en el caso de las mujeres la gestión preventiva llevada a cabo resultaba significativamente peor que para los hombres. CONCLUSIONES: se concluye que con referencia a la prevención de riesgos laborales el género puede ser una variable que genera una discriminación negativa hacia las mujeres trabajadoras. Además, los riesgos laborales y los problemas de salud asociados deberían ser considerados un problema de salud pública.


PURPOSE: this study analyzed the differences in preventive management performed in companies that had informed their workers about occupational diseases, and analyzed these differences according to workers' sex.METHODS: the sample comprised 302 workers (31.1% were women). Data were collected via a 40-question survey administered in companies from the province of Valencia (Spain).RESULTS: the results showed that both prevention plans and workers' participation in designing prevention of occupational risks were activities that were less frequently developed. Moreover, with regard to workers' sex, preventive management for women was significantly worse than for men.CONCLUSIONS: in the activities of risk prevention at work, gender bias can result in negative discrimination toward female workers. In addition, occupational risks and their consequences on occupational health should be considered a matter of public health.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Working Conditions , Gender and Health , Occupational Risks , Occupational Health , Occupational Health Services , Sampling Studies , Data Interpretation, Statistical
6.
Rev. peru. med. exp. salud publica ; 29(2): 237-241, abr.-jun. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIPECS | ID: lil-644008

ABSTRACT

Los cambios que han ocurrido en las últimas décadas sobre los procesos laborales y el diseño del trabajo son de carácter sociodemográfico, económico, político, y tecnológico. Estos cambios han originado nuevos riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo que afectan a la salud y la calidad de vida laboral, pues incrementan los niveles de estrés de los trabajadores. El objetivo del estudio es presentar este tipo de riesgos, sus consecuencias, y algunas recomendaciones para promover la salud en el trabajo como estrategia para mejorar la salud pública de la población. El estudio se estructura en cinco puntos en los que: (1) se presenta el concepto de factores y riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo, (2) se describen los principales riesgos psicosociales laborales emergentes, (3) se ofrecen algunos datos sobre la prevalencia de los riesgos psicosociales en el trabajo en Europa y de sus consecuencias, (4) se presentan algunas recomendaciones sobre promoción de la salud en el lugar de trabajo, y (5) se describe el objetivo la Psicología de la Salud Ocupacional y se concluye con la recomendación de fomentar la salud psicosocial en el lugar de trabajo como estrategia para mejorar la salud pública de la población.


The changes on work processes and job design in recent decades are focused in the demographic, economic, political, and technological aspects. These changes have created new psychosocial risks at work that affect the health and quality of workplace, increasing stress levels among workers. The aim of this study is to present such risks, their consequences, and some recommendations to promote health at the workplace as a strategy to improve public health of the population. The study is divided into five points in which: (1) introduces the concept of risk factors and psychosocial work, (2) describes the main emerging psychosocial risks labor, (3) provides some information on the prevalence of psychosocial risks at work in Europe and its consequences, (4) recommendations for health promotion in the workplace, and (5) describes the objective of Occupational Health Psychology and concludes with the recommendations to promote psychosocial health in the workplace as a strategy to improve public health of the population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/psychology , Occupational Health , Stress, Psychological/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Stress, Psychological/prevention & control
7.
Rev. saúde pública ; 44(1): 140-147, Feb. 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-538155

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Avaliar a validade fatorial e de construto da versão brasileira do "Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo" (CESQT). MÉTODOS: O processo de versão do questionário original do espanhol para o português incluiu as etapas de tradução, retrotradução e equivalência semântica. Foi realizada análise fatorial confirmatória e utilizados modelos de equações estruturais de quatro fatores, similar ao da estrutura original do CESQT. A amostra foi constituida de 714 professores que trabalhavam em instituições de ensino da cidade de Porto Alegre, RS, e região metropolitana 2008. O questionário possui 20 itens distribuídos em quatro subescalas: Ilusão pelo trabalho (5 itens), Desgaste psíquico (4 itens), Indolência (6 itens) e Culpa (5 itens). O modelo foi analisado com base no programa LISREL 8. RESULTADOS: As medidas de ajuste indicaram adequação do modelo hipotetizado: χ2(164) = 605,86 (p < 0,000), Goodness Fit Index = 0,92, Adjusted Goodness Fit Index = 0,90, Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0,062, Non-Normed Fit Index = 0,91, Comparative Fit Index = 0,92, Parsimony Normed Fit Index = 0,77. O valor de alfa de Cronbach para todas as subescalas foi maior que 0,70. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados indicam que o CESQT possui validade fatorial e consistência interna adequada para avaliar burnout em professores brasileiros.


OBJECTIVE: To assess factorial validity and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of the "Spanish Burnout Inventory" (SBI). METHODS: The translation process of the SBI into Brazilian Portuguese included translation, back translation, and semantic equivalence. A confirmatory factor analysis was carried out using a four-factor model, which was similar to the original SBI. The sample consisted of 714 teachers working in schools in the metropolitan area of the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, in 2008. The instrument comprises 20 items and four subscales: Enthusiasm towards job (5 items), Psychological exhaustion (4 items), Indolence (6 items), and Guilt (5 items). The model was analyzed using LISREL 8. RESULTS: Goodness-of-Fit statistics showed that the hypothesized model had adequate fit: χ2(164) = 605.86 (p<0.000); Goodness-of-Fit Index = 0.92; Adjusted Goodness-of-Fit Index = 0.90; Root Mean Square Error of Approximation = 0.062; Nonnormed Fit Index = 0.91; Comparative Fit Index = 0.92; and Parsimony Normed Fit Index = 0.77. Cronbach's alpha measures for all subscales were higher than 0.70. CONCLUSIONS: The study showed that the SBI has adequate factorial validity and internal consistency to assess burnout in Brazilian teachers.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Burnout, Professional/diagnosis , Faculty/statistics & numerical data , Surveys and Questionnaires , Brazil , Burnout, Professional/psychology , Cultural Characteristics , Job Satisfaction , Language , Reproducibility of Results , Translations
8.
Cienc. Trab ; 11(33): 160-167, jul.-sept. 2009.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-538038

ABSTRACT

Este trabajo es una revisión de las principales fortalezas y debilidades del Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) de Maslach y Jackson (Maslach y Jackson 1981; Maslach y Jackson 1986), y secentra en los actuales estudios de las propiedades del cuestionario. En este trabajo se reflexiona sobre la necesidad de contar con nuevos instrumentos capaces de dar nuevas respuestas a la compleja problemática que el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT) (burnout) plantea, especialmente en Latinoamérica y Chile. En este sentido, el Cuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (CESQT) surge como una valiosa posibilidad de evaluación, ya que ofrece algunas ventajas ante otros instrumentos existentes, como el incluir la Culpa como una variable psicosocial a considerar en la evaluación del SQT.


This study shows a review of literature on the main strengths and weaknesses of the "Maslach Burnout Inventory (Maslach y Jackson 1981; Maslach y Jackson 1986). The study offers an analysis about the necessity of having new instruments to give answer to the complex problem of the burnout syndrome, especially in Latin America and Chile. In this way, the Spanish Burnout Inventory (SBI) is an interesting possibility for the evaluation of the syndrome, because it has some advantages when it is compared with other instruments. This questionnaire includes the evaluation of the guilt like a variable to take into consideration for the diagnosis of the syndrome.


Subject(s)
Humans , Burnout, Professional , Occupational Health , Surveys and Questionnaires
9.
Cienc. Trab ; 11(32): 72-79, abr.-jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-526902

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la influencia de los Conflictos Interpersonales en las organizaciones hospitalarias, sobre el Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT) (burnout) y sus efectos sobre la salud. La muestra estuvo formada por 316 profesionales de enfermería, y el diseño del estudio fue longitudinal. El SQT se estimó con el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), (Maslach y Jackson 1986). Los Conflictos Interpersonales se evaluaron con una escala formada por 6 ítems que consideraba diferentes fuentes de conflicto (alfa = 0.76, T1;alfa = 0.72, T2). Los Problemas de Salud se evaluaron con 13 ítems que recogen la percepción subjetiva con la que los individuos han experimentado esos problemas en relación con el trabajo (alfa = 0.82, T1; alfa = 0.81, T2). Los análisis de regresión realizados permitieron obtener evidencia empírica de que los Conflictos Interpersonales eran un antecedente significativo de Agotamiento Emocional y de Realización Personal en el Trabajo, mientras que Agotamiento Emocional y Despersonalización eran un antecedente significativo de los Problemas de Salud. Se concluye sobre la importancia de los factores relacionales y emocionales en la prevención del SQT y sus problemas asociados, así como de la necesidad de realizar investigaciones longitudinales.


The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of interpersonal conflicts on burnout in hospital organizations and its consequences on health. A longitudinal design was employed on a sample of 316 nursing professionals. Burnout was measured by the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS), (Maslach y Jackson 1986). Different sources of interpersonal conflicts were evaluated by 6 items (alpha = 0.76, T1; alpha = 0.72, T2). Disorders of health were assessed with a scale of 13 items, which summarize the subjective perception of individuals who have experienced these disorders in their jobs (alpha = 0.82, T1; alpha = 0.81, T2). Regression analysis showed that Interpersonal Conflicts were significant predictors of Emotional exhaustion and Personal accomplishment, while Emotional exhaustion and personalization was found to be a significant predictor of Disorders of health. The study concludes that it must take into account the relational and emotional factors to prevent burnout in nurses and the problems associated. Furthermore, in a methodological level, it is necessary to make longitudinal studies.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Burnout, Professional , Nursing , Hospitals, Public , Interpersonal Relations , Longitudinal Studies , Working Conditions , Spain
10.
Aletheia ; (29): 6-15, jun. 2009. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-542073

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la prevalencia del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajo (SQT) en una muestra de maestros portugueses. La muestra estuvo formada por 211 maestros de distintos colegios portugueses, 150 (71,10 por ciento) mujeres y 61 (28,90 por ciento) hombres. Para evaluar el SQT se utilizó el ôCuestionario para la Evaluación del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajoõ, versión para profesionales de la educación en su versión portuguesa (CESQT-PE). La prevalencia se analizó siguiendo el procedimiento de los puntos de referencia de la escala de frecuencia de respuesta. Así, se encontró que 30 (14,20 por ciento) de los 211 participantes presentaban niveles elevados de SQT. En la misma línea, 4 (1,90 por ciento) participantes presentaron niveles más severos de SQT, pues presentaron altas puntuaciones en el promedio de los 15 ítems que componen las escalas referidas anteriormente juntos a altos sentimientos de culpa.


The aim of the present study was to analyse the prevalence of the Burnout Syndrome among Portuguese teachers. The sample was composed by 211 teachers taken from several Portuguese schools, 150 (71.10 percent) females and 61 (28.90 percent) males. In order to assess the Burnout levels we employed the ôSpanish Burnout Inventoryõ in its Portuguese version for education professionals (CESQT-PE). The prevalence was analysed through the points of reference in the response frequency scale. Thus, it was found that 30 (14.20 percent) out of the 211 participants showed high levels of Burnout. Furthermore, 4 (1.90 percent) participants showed the most severe Burnout levels since they got high mean results in all 15 items that compose the scales named above, as well as high feelings of guilt.


O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a prevalência da Síndrome de Queimar-se pelo Trabalho (SQT) em uma amostra de professores portugueses. A amostra foi formada por 211 professores de diferentes instituições portuguesas, 150 (71,10 por cento) mulheres e 61 (28,90 por cento) homens. Para avaliar a SQT utilizou-se o ôCuestionario para la Evaluacion del Síndrome de Quemarse por el Trabajoõ, versão para profissionais da educação na sua adaptação ao português (CESQT-PE). A prevalência analisou-se seguindo o procedimento dos pontos de referência da escala de frequência de respostas. Desse modo, obteve-se que 30 (14,20 por cento) dos 211 participantes apresentavam níveis elevados de SQT. Na mesma linha, 4 (1,90 por cento) participantes apresentaram níveis mais severos de SQT, pois apresentavam altas pontuações na média dos 15 itens que compõem as escalas referidas anteriormente juntamente a altos níveis de sentimentos de culpa.


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Faculty , Prevalence , Syndrome , Work , Burnout, Professional , Depersonalization , Guilt , Quality of Life
11.
Salud ment ; 32(3): 205-214, may.-jun. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-632644

ABSTRACT

Since the term burnout began to be used in the mid 1970's to refer to the process of deterioration in the care and professional attention given to users of human service organizations (public service, volunteer, medical, human social service, educational organizations, etc.), a variety of instruments have been developed to measure this phenomenon. A review of the literature makes it possible to conclude that among these measurement instruments the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) has been used with the greatest frequency to measure the burnout syndrome, regardless of the occupational characteristics of the sample or the source of the burnout. While the most commonly employed burnout measure has been the MBI, researchers have been troubled by some of the psychometric limitations of this scale: a number of authors have suggested that a three-factor structure might not be appropriate; some items are not associated with their factors; Cronbach's alpha values are low for the Depersonalization subscale; different versions of the instrument evaluate the same phenomenon, etc. Other instruments used to evaluate burnout (for example Burnout Measure) do not satisfactorily operationalize the definition of the syndrome. The deficiencies in the instruments used for evaluating burnout have led to the development of the <> (CESQT) (Spanish Burnout Inventory). The theoretical model underlying the CESQT is based on the concept that burnout is a response to chronic job stress that stems from problematic interpersonal work relationships, and it develops in those individuals who work with people, quite frequently in service sector professionals who are in direct contact with the end-users. It is characterized by cognitive deterioration (loss of enthusiasm toward the job), emotional deterioration, and attitudes and behaviours of indifference, indolence, withdrawal and sometimes, abusive attitudes toward the client. In some cases, feelings of guilt appear. The psychometric model of the CESQT contains twenty items distributed in four dimensions such as: 1. enthusiasm toward the job (five items), defined as the individual's desire to achieve goals at work because it is a source of personal pleasure; 2. psychological exhaustion (four items), defined as the appearance of emotional and physical exhaustion due to the fact that at work s/he must deal daily with people who present or cause problems; 3. indolence (six items), defined as the appearance of negative attitudes of indifference and cynicism toward the organization's clients; 4. guilt (five items), defined as the appearance of feelings of guilt for negative attitudes developed on the job, especially toward the people with whom s/he establishes work relationships. The purpose of this study is the validation of the CESQT in Mexican primary education teachers. A four factor model, like that of the original model presented, was hypothesized. Materials and method The sample consisted of 698 primary education public school teachers in the area of Iztapalapa of the Federal District (Iztapalapa, Mexico). With regard to gender, 133 (19.10%) were men and 541 (77.50%) women. In the remaining 24 questionnaires (3.40%) gender was not identified. The mean age was 42.49 years. The <> was applied, using the version for professionals working in education (CESQT-PE). This instrument contains 20 items distributed into four dimensions called: enthusiasm toward the job (5 items) (α=.76), psychological exhaustion (4 items) (α=.82), indolence (6 items) (α=.73), and guilt (5 items) (α=.79). Low scores on Enthusiasm toward the job, together with high scores on psychological exhaustion and indolence, as well as on guilt, indicate high levels of burnout. The questionnaire was applied in 51 schools. Results The <> was high for all the items, with values superior to .40. All of the items contributed to increasing the internal consistency of the subscales they were part of. All of the subscales presented Cronbach's alpha values superior to .70. The factorial model obtained an adequate data fit for the sample: Chi²(164) = 481.01 (p<.001), AGFI = .91, RMSEA=.055, NNFI = .91, CFI = .92, and ECVI(.60-6.16) = .86. The results confirmed the hypothesis formulated. All of the factorial loadings were significant with high values, superior to .50. All of the relationships between the dimensions of the CESQT were significant for p< .001. The subscales of the CESQT presented values of skewness and kurtosis within the range of normality, with the exception of Enthusiasm toward the job, which presented asymmetry values outside the range ± 1, although the values were not extreme (S = -1 .71, K=3.96). Discusión The purpose of the study was to analyze the psychometric quality of the CESQT and its subscales in Mexican teachers, in order to evaluate the transnational validity of the instrument. The <> values obtained for the items are relatively high, which indicates that each of the dimensions of the CESQT-PE can be considered as a lineal function of the items that make it up. Therefore, all of the items make it possible to adequately predict the score of the scale and distinguish between individuals with high vs. low scores in the respective subscales. The results confirmed the hypothesized factorial structure. The four-factor structure fit the model according to all the fit indices considered, except the Chi-square test, which is an index that depends on sample size and finds a poor model fit with large samples. Based on the results obtained, it can be concluded that the factorial model adequately reproduces the theoretical model of the CESQT. The final scale is made up of four dimensions that evaluate the cognitive impairment (lack of enthusiasm about the job), emotional and physical deterioration (Psychological exhaustion), and attitudinal deterioration (Indolence), of the individual, together with the appearance of guilt feelings. These results confirm the results obtained in Spain, Chile and Portugal, and in Mexico with a sample of doctors. The Cronbach's alpha values obtained indicate that the internal consistency is good for the four subscales, and for the entire CESQT-PE scale. The skewness and kurtosis values were also good for the subscales, as values inferior to ±1 were obtained, except for the Enthusiasm toward the job subscale. The values obtained for the percentiles recommend using the 90th percentile instead of the 66th to draw conclusions about the individuals with high levels of burnout. The results of the study contribute to the psychometric validation of the theoretical model with four dimensions originating from the questionnaire, and to the transnational validation of the instrument. These results also make it possible to conclude that the CESQT, in its version for education professionals (CESQT-PE), is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating burnout in Mexico. A slight deficiency of the instrument in this study has to do with the skweness value obtained for the Enthusiasm toward the job subscale, although further studies are necessary before conclusions can be drawn about possible modifications.


El <> (burnout) (en adelante SQT) ha sido definido como una respuesta al estrés laboral crónico al que están sometidos los profesionales de servicio que trabajan en contacto directo con humanos. En las investigaciones realizadas sobre el SQT, el instrumento para la medición que más se ha utilizado es el Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Pero, este instrumento presenta insuficiencias psicométricas, y otros instrumentos de evaluación del SQT no operacionalizan de manera adecuada la definición del síndrome. Las insuficiencias en los instrumentos utilizados en la actualidad para la evaluación del SQT han llevado al desarrollo del <> (CESQT). El CESQT está formado por cuatro dimensiones denominadas: 1. Ilusión por el trabajo, definida como el deseo del individuo de alcanzar las metas laborales porque supone una fuente de placer personal. 2. Desgaste psíquico, definida como la aparición de agotamiento emocional y físico debido a que en el trabajo se tiene que tratar a diario con personas que presentan o causan problemas. 3. Indolencia, definida como la aparición de actitudes negativas de indiferencia y cinismo hacia los clientes de la organización. 4. Culpa, definida como la aparición de sentimientos de culpa por el comportamiento y las actitudes negativas desarrolladas en el trabajo, en especial hacia las personas con la que se establecen relaciones laborales. El objetivo de este estudio es la validación del CESQT en maestros mexicanos de educación básica. Se hipotetizó un modelo de cuatro factores como el del modelo original. Material y método La muestra la formaron 698 profesores de educación primaria de escuelas públicas. Según el género, 133 participantes fueron hombres (19.10%) y 541 mujeres (77.50%). En 24 cuestionarios (3.40%) no se respondió a la pregunta sobre el género. Asimismo, se aplicó el <>, en su versión para profesionales que trabajan en la educación (CESQT-PE). Es importante señalar que bajas puntuaciones en ilusión por el trabajo (cinco reactivos, (α=.76), junto a altas puntuaciones en desgaste psíquico (cuatro reactivos, (α=.82), indolencia (seis reactivos, α=.73) y en Culpa (cinco reactivos, α=.79) indican altos niveles del SQT. El cuestionario se aplicó en 51 escuelas. Resultados Para todos los reactivos la homogeneidad corregida fue alta, con valores superiores a .40. El modelo factorial obtuvo un ajuste adecuado a los datos para la muestra: Chi²(164) = 481.01 (p<.001), AGFI = .91, RMSEA=.055, NNFI = .91, CFI = .92 y ECVI(.60-6.16) = .86. Los resultados confirmaron la hipótesis formulada. Todas las cargas factoriales resultaron significativas con valores altos, superiores a .50. Discusión Los valores de homogeneidad corregida obtenidos para los reactivos son relativamente altos, lo que indica que cada una de las dimensiones del CESQT-PE se puede considerar como una función lineal de los reactivos que la componen. Los resultados han confirmado la estructura factorial hipotetizada. La estructura de cuatro factores ha alcanzado el ajuste del modelo a través de diversos índices de ajuste considerados. Todas las dimensiones presentan valores adecuados de consistencia interna. Los valores de asimetría también han sido buenos para las subescalas, excepto para la subescala de Ilusión por el trabajo que ha excedido ligeramente el criterio de ±1. Los resultados del estudio contribuyen a la validación psicométrica del modelo teórico de cuatro dimensiones origen del cuestionario, y a la validación transnacional del instrumento, y permiten concluir que el CESQT, en su versión para profesionales de la educación (CESQT-PE), resulta un instrumento fiable y válido para evaluar el SQT en México.

12.
Rev. saúde pública ; 42(3): 450-456, jun. 2008. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-482350

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analizar la prevalencia del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (burnout) en pediatras de hospitales generales siguiendo criterios de diferentes países. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal, no aleatorio, realizado en Buenos Aires, Argentina, en 2006. La muestra la formaron 123 pediatras que trabajaban en Servicios de Pediatría de hospitales generales, 89 fueron mujeres (72,4 por ciento) y 34 hombres (27,6 por ciento). Los datos fueron recogidos mediante un cuestionario anónimo y autoadministrado. El SQT fue diagnosticado utilizando el Maslach Burnout Inventory, con diferentes criterios para establecer su prevalencia. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia del SQT, varió en función del criterio utilizado: siguiendo los puntos de corte del manual de Estados Unidos, la prevalencia fue del 10,6 por ciento de 24,4 por ciento siguiendo los criterios de España, 37,4 por ciento siguiendo los criterios de Argentina y considerando los criterios clínicos establecidos en Holanda, el porcentaje fue del 3,2 por ciento. CONCLUSIONES: Los niveles de prevalencia variaron significativamente en función de los criterios aplicados debido a influencias transculturales.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Employee Performance Appraisal , Burnout, Professional/classification , Hospitalists , Personnel, Hospital , Personnel, Hospital/psychology , Job Satisfaction , Argentina/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies
13.
Interam. j. psychol ; 42(1): 113-118, abr. 2008. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-505739

ABSTRACT

El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la influencia de la sobrecarga laboral y la autoeficacia sobre el síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo (SQT). La muestra se formó por 714 profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en diferentes hospitales. El SQT se estimó mediante el cuestionario MBI-HSS, la sobrecarga laboral se midió mediante una escala de 7 ítems de Karasek y la autoeficacia mediante la escala de Baessler y Schwarzer. Los resultados mostraron que la sobrecarga laboral y la autoeficacia fueron predictores significativos de las dimensiones agotamiento emocional, realización personal en el trabajo y despersonalización. En la comprobación de los efectos moduladores de la autoeficacia en la relación entre sobrecarga laboral sobre las tres dimensiones del MBI sólo resultó significativo el efecto modulador de la autoeficacia en la relación entre sobrecarga laboral y agotamiento emocional. Estos resultados permiten afirmar que es necesario evitar la sobrecarga laboral para prevenir la aparición del SQT, y que la autoeficacia percibida de los profesionales va a prevenir la aparición del SQT y disminuirá la incidencia de la sobrecarga laboral sobre esta patología.


The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of overload and self-efficacy on the burnout. The sample was composed by 714 nursing professionals that were working in different hospitals. The burnout was estimated by the MBI-HSS questionnaire, overload was estimated by a scale of 7 items of Karasek and self-efficacy by a scale of 9 items of Baessler and Schwarser. The results of the study indicate that overload and self-efficacy were significant predictors of emotional exhaustion, personal accomplishment and depersonalization. In the confirmation of the self-efficacy buffering effects in the relationship between overload and the three dimensions of the MBI only was significant the buffering effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between overload and emotional exhaustion. The conclusions are that is necessary to prevent the overload to prevent the appearance of the burnout, and that the self-efficacy perceived of subjects will prevent the appearance of the burnout and it will reduce the overload incidence on this pathology.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Nurses , Nurses, Male , Self Efficacy , Stress, Physiological
14.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 78(5): 489-493, oct. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-482863

ABSTRACT

Objective: To determine the prevalence of job satisfaction in a sample of pediatricians. Method: 123 pediatricians, 89 women (72,4 percent), working in Pediatrics Units of general hospitals. The study was cross-sectional and non-randomized. Job satisfaction was evaluated by a scale of 8 items obtained from the "Job Satisfaction Questionnaire S20/23"¹. Results: 13 percent) of cases manifested to be "dissatisfied" or "very dissatisfied" in the results of the scale. More than 50 percent of the participants manifested to be "very dissatisfied" or "dissatisfied" with the salary (89,4 percent), hygiene of the working place (57,7 percent), formation (56,9 percent) and promotion possibilities (59,3 percent). Significant differences were not obtained according to gender. Conclusions: Labor conditions for pediatricians need to change by means of public investments, in order to improve the quality of service offered to society.


Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la prevalencia de satisfacción laboral en una muestra de pediatras. Pacientes y Método: La muestra la formaron 123 pediatras que trabajaban en Servicios de Pediatría de hospitales generales, 89 mujeres (72,4 por ciento) y 34 hombres (27,6 por ciento). El estudio fue transversal, no aleatorizado. La satisfacción laboral se evaluó mediante una escala de 8 ítems del Cuestionario de Satisfacción laboral S20/23¹. Resultados: El 13 por ciento de los participantes manifestaron estar insatisfechos o muy insatisfechos con los aspectos evaluados de su trabajo. El 89,4 por ciento> de los participantes manifestaron estar muy insatisfechos o insatisfechos con el salario (89,4 por ciento), la higiene del lugar de trabajo (57,7 por ciento), la formación (56,9 por ciento), y con las posibilidades de promoción (59,3 por ciento). No se obtuvieron diferencias significativas en función del sexo. Conclusiones: Los resultados evidencian el alto grado de insatisfacción en importantes aspectos de la vida laboral de los pediatras de hospitales generales. Se proponen recomendaciones para mejorar las variables evaluadas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Attitude of Health Personnel , Job Satisfaction , Pediatrics , Surveys and Questionnaires , Argentina , Cross-Sectional Studies , Indicators and Reagents , Motivation , Prevalence , Quality of Life , Socioeconomic Factors
15.
Rev. saúde pública ; 39(1): 1-8, fev. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-391866

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Verificar a validação fatorial e a consistência interna de Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI-HSS). MÉTODOS: Em amostra de 705 profissionais espanhóis de diversos setores ocupacionais (saúde, educação, segurança pública, e outros), utilizando o LISREL 8, sete possíveis modelos fatoriais foram hipotetizados e comparados. RESULTADOS: A solução fatorial oblíqua de três fatores, e a solução fatorial oblíqua de quatro fatores, apresentaram a melhor solução e ajustes adequados. A eliminação dos itens 12 e 16, seguindo as instruções do manual, melhorou sensivelmente o ajuste dos modelos. O modelo oblíquo de quatro fatores sugere que, junto com a exaustão emocional e a despersonalização, a dimensão realização pessoal no trabalho integra dois componentes denominados: autocompetência (itens 4, 7, 17, e 21) e componente existencial (itens 9, 12, 18, e 19). O valor de alfa de Cronbach obtido para o componente autocompetência, relativamente baixo, sugere que é mais adequado avaliar a síndrome como um construto tridimensional. O alfa de Cronbach foi adequado para realização pessoal no trabalho (alfa =0,71) e para exaustão emocional (alfa =0,85), e alcançou um valor moderado para despersonalização (alfa =0,58). CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados permitem concluir que o MBI-HSS apresenta suficiente validação fatorial e a consistência interna das suas escalas são aceitáveis para avaliar a qualidade de vida de trabalhadores.


Subject(s)
Factor Analysis, Statistical , Cross-Cultural Comparison , Occupational Diseases , Crisis Intervention , Quality of Life , General Adaptation Syndrome
16.
Psicol. estud ; 9(1): 137-138, jan.-abr. 2004.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: lil-361526

Subject(s)
Book Review
17.
Psicol. estud ; 7(1): 3-10, jan.-jun. 2002. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-390799

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de este estudio es analizar si el género establece diferencias significativas en los niveles y en el proceso del síndrome de quemarse por el trabajo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que los hombres (N = 72) puntúan significativamente más alto que las mujeres (N = 258) en despersonalización. En la muestra de hombres la realización personal en el trabajo no resultó un predictor significativo de despersonalización. En la muestra de mujeres el agotamiento emocional no predijo significativamente la inclinación al absentismo. Se concluye sobre la importancia de que los gestores de personal en sanidad tengan presente la diferencia de género.

18.
Salud pública Méx ; 44(1): 33-40, ene.-feb. 2002.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-331731

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To explore the factorial structure of a Spanish version of the "Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey" (MBI-GS). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 1999 among 149 municipal policemen in Tenerife, Spain. A questionnaire was applied to collect data on Professional Efficacy, Cynicism, and Burnout. Data were analyzed using factorial analysis and principal components with Varimax rotation. RESULTS: Four factors had eigenvalues greater than I; Factor I grouped Professional Efficacy items, Factor II grouped three Cynicism items. Further analysis was conducted to limit extraction to three factors. The factorial solution replicated the distribution of items in the questionnaire manual. CONCLUSIONS: Study results show that the Spanish version of the questionnaire is valid and reliable.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Burnout, Professional , Psychological Tests , Spain , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires
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